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Roof Pitch Calculator

Convert rise and run into roof pitch, angle, rafter factor, and slope length for quick roof planning.

Rise / runAngleRafter factorRoof planning

Roof measurements

Measure the slope.

Enter the vertical rise and horizontal run in the same units. Add the full span to estimate one sloped side.

The span is optional. It is the total building span, so the calculator uses half of it as the horizontal run for one roof side.

Pitch result

Roof pitch

6/12

50% · 26.565°

Rafter factor

1.11803

One-side slope length

13.416 ft

A rise of 6 over a run of 12 produces a 50% slope. Use the Rafter Calculator for complete framing cuts and lumber details.

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About this calculator

Method, formulas, and limits.

What this does

Converts a roof's vertical rise and horizontal run into a pitch ratio, percentage slope, angle in degrees, rafter factor, and estimated slope length.

Who it is for

Homeowners, roofers, framers, estimators, and DIY builders checking a roof measurement before ordering materials or cutting rafters.

How it works

Enter rise and run in the same unit. The calculator divides rise by run, converts the result to a percentage and angle, and uses the total span to estimate the sloped length of one side.

Limitations

This is a geometry planning tool. It does not verify structural loads, code compliance, drainage requirements, or the final dimensions of a complex roof.

Key calculations

Pitch ratio
pitch = rise / run
Slope percentage
percent = (rise / run) × 100
Roof angle
angle = arctan(rise / run)
Rafter factor
factor = √(1 + (rise / run)²)

Reference ranges

Low slope
1/12 to 3/12 is a low slope and may require specialized membrane or underlayment details.
Common residential slope
4/12 to 7/12 is common for residential roofs and balances drainage, access, and material use.
Steep slope
8/12 and above is steep, increases surface area, and requires appropriate fall protection during work.

How to use it

  1. 1.Measure rise and runUse the same unit for the vertical rise and horizontal run, such as 6 inches over 12 inches.
  2. 2.Enter the total spanOptionally enter the full building span in feet to estimate the sloped length of one roof side.
  3. 3.Review the angleUse the degree result when comparing roof plans or transferring the slope to another tool.
  4. 4.Check the assumptionsVerify the measurement and consult local code or a professional for construction decisions.

A 6/12 pitch rises 6 inches for every 12 inches of horizontal run. It is a 50% slope and an angle of about 26.565 degrees.

No. Pitch is commonly written as rise over a 12-inch run, while angle is the geometric angle between the roof surface and the horizontal plane.

Yes, when you enter a total span. It estimates one sloped side using half the span and the rafter factor; use the Rafter Calculator for complete cuts and framing details.

No. It only describes roof geometry and should not be used as structural, code, or safety advice.

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